Lyme and Coinfections Chart
Coinfections |
Vector |
Causative Agent |
Endemic Area |
Symptoms |
Lyme Disease |
Deer Tick Pacific Black-legged Tick |
Borrelia burgdorferi Borrelia lonsestari |
Northeast Midwest West Coast |
Off season flu Rash (bull’s-eye or other) Constitutional symptoms Musculoskeletal symptoms Wide range of neurological symptoms, including Bell’s Palsy |
Babesiosis |
Deer Tick Pacific Black-legged Tick |
Babesia microti WA-1 |
Northeast West Coast |
Fever Hemolytic anemia Constitutional symptoms Possible death |
Ehrlichiosis |
Deer Tick Pacific Black-legged tick American Dog Tick Long Star Tick |
Ehrlichia phagocytohphila | Northeast Upper Midwest |
Fever Headache Constitutional symptoms Possible death |
Colorado Tick Fever |
Rocky Mountain Wood Tick | Colorado Tick Fever Virus | Western US | Fever with remission Second bout of fever |
Tick Relapsing Fever |
Relapsing fever tick (Ornithodoros turicata) | Borrelia hermsii | Western US | Periods of fever Petechial rashes |
Q Fever |
Brown Dog Tick Rocky Mountain Wood Tick Lone Star Tick |
Coxiella burnetii | Throughout US | Acute fever Chills Sweats |
Powassan Viral Encephalitis |
Woodchuck Tick | Flavivirus | Eastern and Western US | Fever Meningoencephalitis 10% fatality rate 50% Neurological sequela |
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
American Dog Tick Rocky Mountain Wood Tick |
Rickettsia | Throughout US | Sudden fever Maculopapular rash on soles of hands and feet that spreads over the entire body 3%-5% fatality rate |
Tick Paralysis |
American Dog Tick Rocky Mountain Wood Tick Lone Star Tick |
Neurotoxin excreted from tick’s salivary gland | Throughout US |
Fatigue Flacid paralysis Tongue and facial paralysis Convulsions Death |
Tularemia |
American Dog Tick Rocky Mountain Wood Tick Lone Star Tick |
Throughout US |
Indolent ulcers Swollen lymph nodes Deaths can occur |
|
Bartonella |
Cats Ticks Fleas |
Bartonella Quintana Bartonella henselea |
Worldwide |
Fever Mild neurological signs Granulomatous lymphadenitis Red popular lesion |